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Computer Science - Innovation - 11.08.2022

Putting the Human Back into the Algorithm
Is AI our only hope for the future of humankind? Professor Sami Kaski explores how this powerful tool could help meet the challenges facing our world. But how do we ensure that the human is present in the machine? Artificial Intelligence (AI) is all around us. From the smart watches we wear everyday collecting our personal biodata to helping medical professionals prescribe to patients, this technology has the potential to greatly advance global health services, to name just one area, in the future.

Computer Science - 19.07.2022

Research project lends helping human hand to AI decisionmakers
A new research project is setting out to help artificial intelligence systems make fairer choices by lending them a helping human hand. Researchers from the University of Glasgow and Fujitsu Ltd. have teamed up for the year-long collaboration, which is called 'End-users fixing fairness issues', or Effi.

Health - Computer Science - 11.07.2022

Gender bias revealed in AI tools screening for liver disease
Artificial intelligence models built to predict liver disease from blood tests are twice as likely to miss disease in women as in men, a new study by UCL researchers has found. The study, published in BMJ Health & Care Informatics and funded by UKRI, recreated four AI models documented in previous research as having a greater than 70% success rate in identifying liver disease from the results of blood tests.

Computer Science - 30.06.2022

The hawk has landed: braking mid-air to prioritise safety over energy or speed
New research from the Oxford Flight Group using computer simulations and Hollywood-style motion capture shows how birds optimise their landing manoeuvres for an accurate descent. Researchers at the University of Oxford have found that hawks control their flight to ensure the safest landing conditions when perching, even if it takes longer and more energy to do so.

Computer Science - 30.06.2022

AI system that mimics human gaze could be used to detect cancer
A cutting-edge artificial intelligence (AI) system that can accurately predict the areas of an image where a person is most likely to look has been created by scientists at Cardiff University. Based on the mechanics of the human brain and its ability to distinguish between different parts of an image, the researchers say the novel system more accurately represents human vision than anything that has gone before.

Computer Science - Materials Science - 16.06.2022

World’s first ultra-fast photonic computing processor using polarisation
New research uses multiple polarisation channels to carry out parallel processing - enhancing computing density by several orders over conventional electronic chips. In a paper published in Science Advances , researchers at the University of Oxford have developed a method using the polarisation of light to maximise information storage density and computing performance using nanowires.

Life Sciences - Computer Science - 15.06.2022

Netflix-style algorithm builds blueprint of cancer genomes
The science behind your Netflix viewing habits could soon be used to guide doctors in managing cancer, according to new research co-led by UCL scientists and funded by Cancer Research UK and Cancer Grand Challenges. In the study an international team of scientists used artificial intelligence (AI) to investigate and categorise the size and scale of DNA changes across the genome - a cell's complete genetic code - when cancer starts and grows.

Environment - Computer Science - 27.05.2022

AI learns coral reef ’song’
Artificial Intelligence (AI) can track the health of coral reefs by learning the "song of the reef", finds new research involving a UCL scientist. Coral reefs have a complex soundscape - and even experts have to conduct painstaking analysis to measure reef health based on sound recordings. In the new study, published in Ecological Indicators, scientists trained a computer algorithm using multiple recordings of healthy and degraded reefs, allowing the machine to learn the difference.

Computer Science - 19.05.2022

Scientists create new method to kill cyberattacks in less than a second
A new method that could automatically detect and kill cyberattacks on our laptops, computers and smart devices in under a second has been created by researchers at Cardiff University. Using artificial intelligence in a completely novel way, the method has been shown to successfully prevent up to 92 per cent of files on a computer from being corrupted, with it taking just 0.3 seconds on average for a piece of malware to be wiped out.

Computer Science - 26.04.2022

Improved approach to the ’Travelling Salesperson Problem’ could improve logistics and transport sectors
A new approach to solving the Travelling Salesperson Problem - one of the most difficult questions in computer science - significantly outperforms current approaches. We're highly reliant on this kind of infrastructure to be more efficient - and our solution could help with that Amanda Prorok A notorious theoretical question that has puzzled researchers for 90 years, the Travelling Salesperson Problem also has real relevance to industry today.

Computer Science - Astronomy / Space Science - 04.04.2022

New algorithm could be quantum leap in search for gravitational waves
A new method of identifying gravitational wave signals using quantum computing could provide a valuable new tool for future astrophysicists. A team from the University of Glasgow's School of Physics & Astronomy have developed a quantum algorithm to drastically cut down the time it takes to match gravitational wave signals against a vast databank of templates.

Computer Science - 24.03.2022

Artificial intelligence to bring museum specimens to the masses
Scientists are using cutting-edge artificial intelligence to help extract complex information from large collections of museum specimens. A team from Cardiff University is using state-of-the-art techniques to automatically segment and capture information from museum specimens and perform important data quality improvement without the need of human input.

Computer Science - Environment - 19.01.2022

Cambridge partners with Schmidt Futures in new software engineering network
Software engineers will bridge the gap between modern science and scalable complex software at four leading universities.

Health - Computer Science - 07.01.2022

Diets: how scientists discovered that one size doesn’t fit all
If you ate too much over the festive season, you may well be thinking about a healthy diet plan for 2022. But as anyone who has ever dieted knows, there are countless options out there. Right now, we're in the midst of a revolutionary time for understanding the human body, and so the question arises: can new science tell us which diet plan is best for losing weight? Many diets originate in a system for rating foods according to the effect they have on our blood sugar level.

Health - Computer Science - 16.12.2021

New model improves accuracy of machine learning in COVID-19 diagnosis while preserving privacy
Researchers in the UK and China have developed an artificial intelligence (AI) model that can diagnose COVID-19 as well as a panel of professional radiologists, while preserving the privacy of patient data. By working with other countries, we can do so much more than we can alone Michael Roberts The international team, led by the University of Cambridge and the Huazhong University of Science and Technology, used a technique called federated learning to build their model.

Computer Science - Social Sciences - 10.12.2021

Community of ethical hackers needed to prevent AI’s looming ’crisis of trust’
A global hacker "red team" and rewards for hunting algorithmic biases are just some of the recommendations from experts who argue that AI faces a "tech-lash" unless firm measures are taken to increase public trust. We need policy and public support to create an ecosystem of trust for AI Shahar Avin The Artificial Intelligence industry should create a global community of hackers and "threat modellers" dedicated to stress-testing the harm potential of new AI products in order to earn the trust of governments and the public before it's too late.

Earth Sciences - Computer Science - 29.11.2021

Artificial intelligence could be used to accurately predict tsunamis
A reliable early warning system to detect tsunamis could be a step closer thanks to research from Cardiff University. Researchers say their analysis of ocean soundwaves triggered by underwater earthquakes has enabled them to develop artificial intelligence (AI) that allow prediction of when a tsunami might occur.

Environment - Computer Science - 03.11.2021

New software predicts the movements of large land animals
New software can help determine the movements of large wild animals, thereby minimising conflicts with people. Large land animals have a significant impact on the ecology and biodiversity of the areas they inhabit and traverse. If, for example, the routes and stopping places of cattle, horses, sheep, and also those of wolves or bears overlap with those of people, this often leads to conflicts.

Health - Computer Science - 15.09.2021

World first for AI and machine learning to treat COVID-19 patients worldwide
Addenbrooke's Hospital in Cambridge along with 20 other hospitals from across the world and healthcare technology leader, NVIDIA, have used artificial intelligence (AI) to predict Covid patients' oxygen needs on a global scale. Creating software to match the performance of our best radiologists is complex, but a truly transformative aspiration Fiona Gilbert The research was sparked by the pandemic and set out to build an AI tool to predict how much extra oxygen a Covid-19 patient may need in the first days of hospital care, using data from across four continents.

Computer Science - Health - 15.09.2021

Machine learning algorithm to diagnose deep vein thrombosis
A team of researchers are developing the use of an artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm with the aim of diagnosing deep vein thrombosis (DVT) more quickly and as effectively as traditional radiologist-interpreted diagnostic scans, potentially cutting down long patient waiting lists and avoiding patients unnecessarily receiving drugs to treat DVT when they don't have it.