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Results 41 - 60 of 1102.


Physics - Astronomy / Space - 13.12.2021
Challenging Einstein's greatest theory with extreme stars
Challenging Einstein’s greatest theory with extreme stars
Credit Norbert JunkesMPIfR (Effelsberg), Letourneur and Nançay Observatory (NRT), ASTRON (WSRT), ATNFCSIRO (Parkes), Anthony Holloway (Jodrell Bank), NRAOAUINSF (VLBA), NSFAUIGreen Bank Observatory (GBT). Researchers at The University of Manchester have helped conduct a 16-year long experiment to challenge Einstein's theory of general relativity.

Health - Life Sciences - 13.12.2021
Protein test could lead to earlier and better diagnosis of Parkinson's
Protein test could lead to earlier and better diagnosis of Parkinson’s
Scientists at the Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre (OPDC) have been able to use a highly-sensitive method called -synuclein real-time quaking-induced conversion (?Syn-RT-QuIC) to observe the clumping of alpha-synuclein in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) taken from people with Parkinson's. The findings offer hope that a pioneering new clinical test could be developed to diagnose Parkinson's correctly in its early stages.

Pharmacology - Health - 13.12.2021
New resistance-busting antibiotic combination could extend the use of ’last-resort’ antibiotics
Scientists have discovered a new potential treatment that has the ability to reverse antibiotic resistance in bacteria that cause conditions such as sepsis, pneumonia, and urinary tract infections. Carbapenems, such as meropenem, are a group of vital often 'last-resort' antibiotics used to treat serious, multi-drug resistant infections when other antibiotics, such as penicillin, have failed.

Health - 13.12.2021
New health economic framework to help assess what might be required to eliminate African sleeping sickness by 2030
· To successfully eliminate a disease, global-health decision makers have to establish if current tools are sufficient to achieve elimination, however they must also consider whether investment in elimination is a good use of limited resources · Mathematical and health economic modelling can be used to predict which intervention strategies have a high probability of successfully eliminating a disease as well as how much this would be expected to cost.

Life Sciences - Environment - 13.12.2021
The genetic changes caused by fishing may be linked to fish population size
The genetic changes caused by fishing may be linked to fish population size
Commercial fishing, particularly in reduced fish populations, may be responsible for genetic changes and affect overall population resilience if not carefully managed. A new study, led by the University of Glasgow and published in PNAS, examined how commercial fishing practices - such as trawling - impacted the genetic evolution of fish populations, both directly and through reduced fish population density, mimicking declines in stocks due to over-fishing.

Health - Psychology - 12.12.2021
’ugly truth’ faced by doctors responding to Covid-19 on the frontline
A new study from Bath's Jo Daniels and Sophie Harris captures the scale of the challenge faced by healthcare professionals responding to the pandemic. Frontline healthcare workers say they are angry at being treated as -Covid cannon fodder, not Covid heroes- after responding to the virus for nearly two years and working at full capacity, reveal the findings of new research.

Health - 11.12.2021
Impact of long Covid on ethnic minority healthcare workers investigated
Impact of long Covid on ethnic minority healthcare workers investigated
UCL academics will play a key role in a new three-year study investigating the long-term health impact of Covid-19 on NHS healthcare workers from diverse ethnic backgrounds and roles. Launched by the NHS Race and Health Observatory the 'REACH-OUT' study, builds on 'UK-REACH' (United Kingdom Research study into Ethnicity And COVID-19 outcomes in Healthcare workers), which is led by the University of Leicester in collaboration with UCL, University of Nottingham, national stakeholders and front-line healthcare workers.

Computer Science - Social Sciences - 10.12.2021
Community of ethical hackers needed to prevent AI's looming 'crisis of trust'
Community of ethical hackers needed to prevent AI’s looming ’crisis of trust’
A global hacker "red team" and rewards for hunting algorithmic biases are just some of the recommendations from experts who argue that AI faces a "tech-lash" unless firm measures are taken to increase public trust. We need policy and public support to create an ecosystem of trust for AI Shahar Avin The Artificial Intelligence industry should create a global community of hackers and "threat modellers" dedicated to stress-testing the harm potential of new AI products in order to earn the trust of governments and the public before it's too late.

Health - Pharmacology - 10.12.2021
Prior SARS-CoV-2 infection increases strength and quality of immune response in double vaccinated care home staff and residents, reveals study
Elderly care home residents who have previously contracted and survived COVID-19 develop much stronger and higher antibody and cellular immune responses to two doses of vaccination than those without prior natural infection, finds new research led by the University of Birmingham.

Pharmacology - Innovation - 09.12.2021
3D printed medication activated by smartphone screen
3D printed medication activated by smartphone screen
The light from a smartphone screen can be used to print medications, in a new 3D printing technique developed by UCL researchers. The method could make it easier for personalised medicines to be prepared in clinics, remote areas or even in patients' homes. The report in the International Journal of Pharmaceutics is the first published study of smartphone-based 3D printing of pharmaceuticals.

Chemistry - Physics - 09.12.2021
Precision sieving of gases through atomic pores in graphene
Precision sieving of gases through atomic pores in graphene
By crafting atomic-scale holes in atomically thin membranes, it should be possible to create molecular sieves for precise and efficient gas separation, including extraction of carbon dioxide from air, University of Manchester researchers have found. If a pore size in a membrane is comparable to the size of atoms and molecules, they can either pass through the membrane or be rejected, allowing separation of gases according to their molecular diameters.

Social Sciences - Economics - 09.12.2021
Tackling oil and gas sector abuses: new findings show how corporations can do better on human rights
Tackling oil and gas sector abuses: new findings show how corporations can do better on human rights
Companies must walk the talk: human rights policies must be backed by deeper engagement Multinational corporations must go beyond simply adopting human rights policies if they are to stop human rights abuses in their supply chains and avoid charges of ethical window-dressing, new research from the University of Bath School of Management shows.

Health - Life Sciences - 09.12.2021
Are scientists homing in on a cure for Parkinson's disease?
Are scientists homing in on a cure for Parkinson’s disease?
Researchers optimise a peptide known to prevent the protein error that gives rise to Parkinson's disease. A molecule that shows promise in preventing Parkinson's disease has been refined by scientists at the University of Bath and has the potential to be developed into a drug to treat the incurable neurodegenerative disease.

Health - Psychology - 09.12.2021
Significant barriers in shift to remote mental health services during pandemic
Significant barriers in shift to remote mental health services during pandemic
During the COVID-19 pandemic, many mental health care service users were able to continue accessing some support by phone and video call (remote care), but the shift to remote care presented significant barriers to certain groups, finds a review co-led by UCL researchers. The authors of the systematic review are calling for further examination into the effects of telemental health on groups at risk of digital exclusion and for better evidence on long-term impacts.

Physics - 09.12.2021
Revolutionising imaging through an optical fibre the width of a human hair
A new imaging technique, allowing 3D imaging at video rates through a fibre the width of a human hair, could transform imaging for a wide range of applications in industrial inspection and environmental monitoring. In the longer term the technique could be further developed for applications in medical imaging.

Health - Pharmacology - 08.12.2021
Key surveys overestimate COVID-19 vaccination rates in the USA
Estimates of COVID-19 vaccine uptake in the USA based on large surveys that are used to guide policy-making decisions tend to overestimate the number of vaccinated individuals, research published in Nature suggests. In the USA, the CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) compiles data on national vaccine uptake, but reporting can sometimes be delayed.

Sport - Psychology - 08.12.2021
Imagining future guilt helps athletes turn away from doping - study
Imagining future guilt helps athletes turn away from doping - study
Appealing to athletes' sense of 'future guilt' through psychological intervention could prove a powerful weapon in the fight against doping, according to a new study. Researchers discovered that making elite athletes picture how guilty they might feel about using banned performance enhancing drugs produced a more powerful initial reaction than initiatives educating sportspeople about the health risks of doping.

Paleontology - Life Sciences - 08.12.2021
Dinosaurs Spring to Extinction: Springtime pinpointed as the season for dinosaur extinction
An international team led by researchers from The University of Manchester today published in Scientific Reports a groundbreaking study that sheds new light on the timing associated with the dinosaur-killing asteroid impact that occurred 66 million years ago. The study, " Seasonal calibration of the end-Cretaceous Chicxulub Impact Event ", provides new evidence that helps us to understand the significance of the timing for the events that brought an end to the dinosaurs—and 75% of life on Earth.

Astronomy / Space - Physics - 08.12.2021
Optical cavities could be key to next generation interferometers
A new concept has been developed that has the potential to assist new instruments in the investigation of fundamental science topics such as gravitational waves and dark matter. The concept is described in a paper written by UK Quantum Technology Hub Sensors and Timing researchers at the University of Birmingham and published in , and a related patent application filed by University of Birmingham Enterprise.

Environment - Life Sciences - 08.12.2021
Tropical frogs can adapt to climate change, but rapid warming still a huge threat
Tropical frogs can adapt to climate change, but rapid warming still a huge threat
A population of Seychelles frog have adapted to a warmer climate over time, but as these adaptations have evolved gradually, the rapidly warming climate still poses a threat to species' survival, according to a new study led by a UCL researcher. In the study published in Global Change Biology , the researchers report that a subgroup of the Seychelles frog ( Sooglossus sechellensis) adapted to historic sea level rise after finding themselves on an island with a different climate.