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Life Sciences - Health - 03.12.2024
’Chemical metronome’ helps the brain to keep time
Researchers uncover a 'chemical metronome' in the brain, which helps to synchronise the master clock telling us when it's time to sleeep. In a study of brain cells from mice and humans, researchers have found that star-shaped cells called astrocytes rhythmically produce a chemical pulse that helps the brain's master clock to keep time, influencing our circadian rhythm and sleep-wake cycle.

Social Sciences - 03.12.2024
Owning a home linked to longer life in the US
A new study by an Oxford University researcher finds that owning a home in early adult life adds approximately four months to the lives of male Americans born in the early twentieth century. Dr Casey Breen , Senior Postdoctoral Research Fellow at Oxford University's Leverhulme Centre for Demographic Science and Department of Sociology, conducted the study, published in Demography .

Health - Forensic Science - 03.12.2024
Covid-19 reduced sex offender behaviour - new study
Covid-19 reduced sex offender behaviour - new study
The number of sex offences committed by strangers decreased significantly in the UK during the Covid-19 pandemic, new research shows. According to researchers at the University of Birmingham, the amount of offending in night-time economy and outdoor settings dropped significantly, but so too did offences taking place at home.

Astronomy / Space - Earth Sciences - 02.12.2024
Researchers deal a blow to theory that Venus once had liquid water on its surface
Researchers deal a blow to theory that Venus once had liquid water on its surface
A team of astronomers has found that Venus has never been habitable, despite decades of speculation that our closest planetary neighbour was once much more like Earth than it is today. The researchers, from the University of Cambridge, studied the chemical composition of the Venusian atmosphere and inferred that its interior is too dry today for there ever to have been enough water for oceans to exist at its surface.

Astronomy / Space - Mathematics - 02.12.2024
New datasets will train AI models to think like scientists
New datasets will train AI models to think like scientists
What can exploding stars teach us about how blood flows through an artery' Or swimming bacteria about how the ocean's layers mix' A collaboration of researchers, including from the University of Cambridge, has reached a milestone toward training artificial intelligence models to find and use transferable knowledge between fields to drive scientific discovery.

Physics - Chemistry - 02.12.2024
Controlling matter at the atomic level: University of Bath breakthrough
Controlling matter at the atomic level: University of Bath breakthrough
Physicists are getting closer to controlling single-molecule chemical reactions - could this shape the future of pharmaceutical research? Controlling matter at the atomic level has taken a major step forward, thanks to groundbreaking nanotechnology research by an international team of scientists led by physicists at the University of Bath.

Health - Pharmacology - 29.11.2024
Global review charts lethal impact of fungal infection after lung disease
Around 32% of people who have had prior damage from lung diseases will die after five years if they also get a common fungal infection, a major global review has found. The review also finds that 15% of people with chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) die in the first year following other lung diseases.

Chemistry - Physics - 29.11.2024
Chemistry textbooks need rewriting after new research
Chemistry textbooks need rewriting after new research
Scientists are calling for changes to chemistry textbooks after discovering a fundamental aspect of structural organic chemistry has been incorrectly described for almost 100 years. The team from Cardiff University's School of Chemistry, dispute the long-held belief that alkyl groups - a chemical group consisting of carbon and hydrogen atoms arranged in a chain - donate electrons to other parts of a molecule.

Health - Pharmacology - 29.11.2024
Scientists expose cells driving aggressive tumour growth
The first computer algorithm capable of identifying which tumour cells are driving aggressive cancer growth has been developed by Cancer Research scientists from UCL and The Francis Crick Institute. The innovative algorithm, called SPRINTER*, analyses individual cells within a tumour to identify those that are growing the most rapidly.

Economics - Psychology - 29.11.2024
Empathy with 'sad' bananas compels shoppers to reduce food waste, shows research
Empathy with ’sad’ bananas compels shoppers to reduce food waste, shows research
Labelling lone bananas as 'sad singles' tugs at shoppers' heartstrings and increases sales by 58 percent. Faced with a pile of loose, unsold single bananas, retailers can motivate customers to buy overlooked fruit by giving it emotional appeal, according to new research from the University of Bath's School of Management.

Environment - Earth Sciences - 27.11.2024
Climate impacts on European soils predicted by scientists
New research has revealed how tiny soil microbes are impacted by extreme weather events, offering new insights into the risks posed by climate change. As extreme weather events, such as heatwaves, droughts, floods, and freezes become more common due to global heating, understanding how soil microbes - critical for healthy ecosystems - respond is crucial.

Life Sciences - 27.11.2024
AI can predict study results better than human experts
Large language models, a type of AI that analyses text, can predict the results of proposed neuroscience studies more accurately than human experts, finds a new study led by UCL researchers. The findings, published in Nature Human Behaviour , demonstrate that large language models (LLMs) trained on vast datasets of text can distil patterns from scientific literature, enabling them to forecast scientific outcomes with superhuman accuracy.

Paleontology - 27.11.2024
Brains grew faster as humans evolved
Modern humans, Neanderthals, and other recent relatives on our human family tree evolved bigger brains much more rapidly than earlier species, a new study of human brain evolution has found. The study, published in the journal PNAS , overturns long-standing ideas about human brain evolution. The researchers found that brain size increased gradually within each ancient human species rather than through sudden leaps between species.

Health - 27.11.2024
Key cells that could be targeted to prevent arthritis flare-ups
New research has pinpointed key cells that could be targeted to prevent painful rheumatoid arthritis flare-ups, offering potential new hope to millions of people with the condition world-wide. The important new findings are published in the journal Immunity and highlight the potential to use dendritic cells as early markers to predict a rheumatoid arthritis flare-up, hopefully paving the way for more patients to achieve sustained remission.

Health - Career - 27.11.2024
Ethnicity, mental health and age predict NHS workers’ plans to quit
Around 43% of NHS workers who took part in a recent study have considered leaving their role or taking early retirement. The national study, published today in Lancet Europe, also discovered a striking link between suffering from symptoms of depression, anxiety or PTSD, and wanting to leave healthcare.

Health - 26.11.2024
Some routine health checks may not have recovered to pre-pandemic levels
The number of important routine health checks taking place since the pandemic has substantially reduced in England, with implications for missed diagnosis and increased health inequalities.

Environment - 25.11.2024
Scientists unlock ’explosive’ secrets of the squirting cucumber
Scientists from the University of Manchester have uncovered the secrets behind one of nature's quirkiest plants - the squirting cucumber. While most plants rely on external forces such as animals, wind, or water to spread their seeds, this cucumber - scientifically known as Ecballium elaterium - launches them at high speed in a pressurised jet, sending seeds over 10 metres from the parent plant.

Psychology - 25.11.2024
Language used by mothers affects oxytocin levels of infants
Language used by mothers affects oxytocin levels of infants
Infants whose mothers regularly use language to describe what their child is thinking or feeling, have higher levels of the hormone oxytocin, finds a new study led by UCL researchers. Oxytocin, a hormone that is involved in a range of psychological processes, plays an important role in social relationships, such as the development of the bond between a parent and child, and the formation of trust, and social understanding, across the lifespan.

Life Sciences - Health - 25.11.2024
Differences in brain pathology between paediatric and adult patients following traumatic brain injury
A study led by the University of Glasgow has revealed differences in the brains of paediatric and adult patients' that might explain the sometimes catastrophic outcomes seen in children following a traumatic brain injury. In findings published in the journal JAMA Network Open, the researchers found first pathological evidence that the pattern of damage to blood vessels after a severe brain injury appears to be age-dependant.

Health - 25.11.2024
Intimidation tactics against researchers in tobacco, ultra-processed food and alcohol sectors
New research reveals public discreditation is the most common tactic used across all three sectors to intimidate researchers New research from the University of Bath shows researchers in the tobacco, ultra-processed food (UPF) and alcohol sectors are frequently targeted with identical intimidation tactics.
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